Uburyo Sisitemu yo Kugenzura Ubushyuhe bwa Imashini yo gusudira Diffusion igira ingaruka ku bwiza bwo gusudira

Mu nganda nkingufu zishobora kuvugururwa, ibikoresho byamashanyarazi, icyogajuru, hamwe na elegitoroniki yuzuye, gusudira gukwirakwiza ni inzira ikomeye yo guhuza ibyuma. Bitandukanye no gusudira bisanzwe, gusudira gusaranganya bigera kumurongo ukomeye muburyo bukomeye binyuze mubushyuhe bwinshi hamwe nigitutu, bigatuma atome yicyuma ikwirakwira buhoro buhoro kuri interineti. Ubu buryo bwirinda ibibazo nka porosity, spatter, hamwe nimpinduka zuburyo zikunze kugaragara mugusudira gakondo, bigatuma biba byiza kuri bisi, guhuza umuringa, hamwe nibindi bikoresho -.

Ubushyuhe bugira uruhare runini mugukwirakwiza gusudira. Mubisanzwe, gusudira gukwirakwiza bisaba ubushyuhe buri hagati ya 50% - 90% yikintu cyo gushonga, gitanga imbaraga za atome zihagije zo gukwirakwizwa zitageze aho zishonga. Niba ubushyuhe budahungabana, ikwirakwizwa rya atome rigabanuka, ibyo bikaba bishobora gutuma imbaraga zifatika zigabanuka, microstructure idahwanye, hamwe nubwiza bwicyiciro. Kubwibyo, mugihe uhitamo aimashini yo gusudira, imikorere ya sisitemu yo kugenzura ubushyuhe nimwe mubintu byingenzi bigira ingaruka kumiterere yo gusudira.

Sisitemu yo kugenzura ubushyuhe bwimashini yo gusudira ikwirakwizakugenzura neza ubushyuhe nukuri - igihe cyo guhinduramurwego rwo gusudira. Sisitemu yizewe yemeza ko uburyo bwo gusudira bukurikiza imiterere yubushyuhe bugenzurwa, bigatuma atome yicyuma umwanya uhagije wo gukwirakwira byuzuye mugihe cyo guhuza.

Ibice byingenzi bigize sisitemu yo kugenzura ubushyuhe

Sisitemu yuzuye yo kugenzura ubushyuhe mubisanzwe igizwe nubushyuhe, ibyuma byubushyuhe, hamwe nubugenzuzi, bukorera hamwe kugirango habeho gucunga neza ubushyuhe.

Igice cyo gushyushya

Igice cyo gushyushya gitanga ubushyuhe butaziguye ahantu ho gusudira. Imashini yo gusudira mu nganda ikunze gukoresha ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya, gushyushya grafite, cyangwa gushyushya induction. Ibikoresho bitandukanye nibikoresho byakazi bisaba uburyo butandukanye bwo gushyushya. Kurugero, hejuru - ibyuma bitwara ibintu nkumuringa na aluminiyumu bisaba gushyuha neza, mugihe ubushyuhe bwo hejuru - bukenera ubushyuhe bukabije bwakazi.

2.Ubushyuhe

Ibyuma byubushyuhe bikurikirana zone yo gusudira mugihe nyacyo no kohereza ibitekerezo kuri sisitemu yo kugenzura. Ibyuma bikoreshwa cyane ni thermocouples bitewe no guhagarara kwabo, igisubizo cyihuse, hamwe nubunini bwagutse. Kubikorwa binini cyangwa bigoye, imashini zimwe zikoresha ibintu byinshi - kugenzura ubushyuhe kugirango harebwe ubushyuhe bumwe.

3.Umugenzuzi

Igice cyo kugenzura gikora nkubwonko bwa sisitemu, ihita ihindura ingufu zishyushya zishingiye kubitekerezo bya sensor kugirango ubushyuhe bugume. Imashini zigezweho akenshi zihuza PLC - igenzura rishingiye kuri PID algorithms yo gucunga ubushyuhe neza. Ibi bituma sisitemu igumana ubushyuhe buhoraho mugihe cyo gushyushya, guhuza, no gukonjesha.

Ihungabana rya sisitemu yo kugenzura ubushyuhe ntireba gusa intsinzi ya weld ahubwo inagira imikorere yubukanishi, microstructure, hamwe no guhuza ibice - byakozwe.

• Imbaraga zo gusudira hamwe nubunyangamugayo

Imbaraga zo gukwirakwiza gusudira biterwa ahanini nurwego rwo gukwirakwiza atome kuri interineti. Iyo ubushyuhe buri murwego rwiza, atome yicyuma yimuka buhoro buhoro, ikora umurunga ukomeye. Niba ubushyuhe buri hasi cyane, ikwirakwizwa rya atome riratinda, biganisha ku guhuza kutuzuye cyangwa ingingo zidakomeye. Ibinyuranye, ubushyuhe bukabije burashobora gutera ingano cyangwa guhindagurika, kugabanya imikorere yubukanishi. Sisitemu ihamye kandi yuzuye yo kugenzura ubushyuhe yemeza ko inzira yo gusudira ihora ikora murwego rwiza, itanga ingingo zikomeye, zizewe.

• Microstructure ya Weld Interface

Ubushyuhe bugira ingaruka ku bipimo byombi no kuri microstructure ya weld interface. Kugenzura ubushyuhe bukwiye bivamo uburyo bumwe bwo gukwirakwiza hamwe nuburyo bwiza bwimikorere. Ibinyuranye, ihindagurika ryubushyuhe rirashobora gukora ibice bitandukanijwe cyangwa ibice byoroheje, bikagabanya kwizerwa hamwe. Kubisabwa nka byinshi - urwego rwumuringa cyangwa umuringa uhuza, kugenzura ubushyuhe buhamye butezimbere microstructure yimikorere nibikorwa rusange.

• Ibicuruzwa bihoraho hamwe no guhagarara neza

Mu musaruro w’inganda, gusudira gusaranganya akenshi bikoreshwa mugukora ibintu byinshi byingenzi bitwara ibintu, harimo guhuza amashanyarazi ya batiri, amabisi yo kubika ingufu, hamwe nogukwirakwiza amashanyarazi. Imihindagurikire yubushyuhe irashobora gutuma habaho itandukaniro rigaragara muburyo bwiza bwo gusudira hagati yitsinda, bikagira ingaruka kumurongo uhagaze. Imashini yo hejuru - nziza yo gukwirakwiza imashini isanzwe itangaubushyuhe busobanutse hafi℃1 dogere hamwe nuburinganire muri dogere 3, itanga ubuziranenge bwo gusudira kandi ikagabanya imirimo yo gukora cyangwa gusiba.

• Ibishoboka byo gusudira

Kugenzura ubushyuhe budahungabana byongera amahirwe yinenge nko gusiba, guhuza bituzuye, okiside, hamwe ningingo zidakomeye. Ibi bibazo birashobora kuvuka kubipimo byubushyuhe butaringaniye, igihe cyo guhuza kidahagije, cyangwa kugabana ubushyuhe bumwe -. Mugukomeza imiterere yubushyuhe nyabwo, imashini zo gusudira zigezweho zigabanya kugabanuka no kunoza ubuziranenge nubushobozi.

Mugihe inganda zikenerwa nubwiza bwo gusudira zizamuka, imashini zo gusudira zigezweho zifite sisitemu yo kugenzura ubushyuhe bugezweho hamwe nibintu byinshi bitandukanye.

• Multi - Kugenzura Ubushyuhe

Multi - gukurikirana ingingo ikoresha thermocouples nyinshi ahantu ho gusudira kugirango itange ibitekerezo nyabyo -. Ibi bituma sisitemu imenya gutandukana kwaho kandi igahindura ingufu zishyushya mu buryo bwikora, ikemeza ubushyuhe bumwe mubikorwa byose. Iyi mikorere ni ingenzi cyane kubintu binini cyangwa byinshi - ibice bigize ibice.

• PID Igenzura ryubushyuhe

Igenzura rya PID rikoreshwa cyane mugutunganya ubushyuhe bwinganda. Irabara itandukaniro ryubushyuhe mugihe nyacyo kandi ihita ihindura imbaraga zo gushyushya, igabanya ihindagurika ryubushyuhe. Ugereranije na sisitemu zisanzwe, igenzura rya PID risubiza vuba kandi rigakomeza ibidukikije bihamye, ari ngombwa mu gusudira, aho ndetse n’ubushyuhe buto bushobora kugira ingaruka ku ikwirakwizwa rya atome.

• Porogaramu Yerekana Ubushyuhe

Ibikoresho bitandukanye bisaba ibipimo byo gusudira bitandukanye. Imashini zigezweho ziremeraporogaramu yubushyuhe bwa porogaramu, gushoboza abashoramari gushyiraho igipimo cyo gushyushya, igihe cyo guhuza, nuburyo bwo gukonjesha. Iyi myirondoro irashobora kubikwa kugirango ikoreshwe inshuro nyinshi, itanga uburyo bwihuse bwo guhinduranya imirimo itandukanye kandi ikanatanga ubuziranenge buhoraho.

Guhitamo imashini ikwirakwiza imashini ikwirakwiza ningirakamaro mugushikira byombi - ubudodo bwiza kandi butanga umusaruro mwiza. Ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba gusuzuma birimo:

• Ubushyuhe

Hitamo imashini ifite ubushyuhe bwo kugenzura imbereImpamyabumenyi. Ubusobanuro buhanitse buremeza ko gahunda yo gusudira idahwema kuguma mubushuhe bwiza.

• Ubushyuhe bumwe

Kubice binini byo gusudira cyangwa byinshi - ibice bigize ibice, uburinganire bwubushyuhe ni ngombwa. Itanura cyangwa icyumba cyo gusudira bigomba kubungabungaImpamyabumenyi 3kwirinda ibidahuye byaho.

• Porogaramu Yerekana Ubushyuhe

Imashini zifite - icyiciro cya porogaramu zishobora gushyirwaho ubushyuhe hamwe no kwandikisha amakuru bituma habaho uburyo bwiza bwo gukora no gukora ibintu byoroshye ibikoresho bitandukanye.

• Gukoresha no Gukurikirana Data

Imashini yo gusudira igezweho ikunze kugaragaramo kugenzura PLC, gukoraho - ecran ya ecran, hamwe nukuri - igihe cyo gufata amakuru. Ubu bushobozi butuma ababikora bakurikirana inzira, bakamenya vuba ibintu bidasanzwe, kandi bakagumana ubuziranenge buhoraho mubice.

Umwanzuro

Kugenzura ubushyuhe ni ikintu gikomeye mu gusudira gukwirakwizwa, bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ikwirakwizwa rya atome, imbaraga zifatanije, igipimo cy’inenge, hamwe no guhuza icyiciro. Imashini zifite ubushyuhe bwuzuye, butajegajega, kandi zishobora gukoreshwa zitanga ibisubizo byiza, byemeza imikorere yizewe murwego rwo hejuru - rusaba ibisabwa nkingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi, hamwe ninganda zateye imbere.

Iyo uhitamo aimashini yo gusudira, shyira imbere ubushyuhe bwuzuye, uburinganire, imyirondoro ishobora gutegurwa, hamwe nubushobozi bwo gukoresha. Imashini ifite sisitemu yo hejuru - sisitemu yo kugenzura ubushyuhe izahora itanga umusaruro ukomeye, inenge - hamwe nubusa kandi bigashyigikira umusaruro ushimishije.

Menyesha nonaha