Umuringa wumuringa uhabwa agaciro cyane mumashanyarazi hamwe nubushuhe bwo gukoresha ibintu bidasanzwe kandi byoroshye. Nyamara, abahinguzi benshi bahura ningorabahizi iyo ukoresheje hot - gusudira (Crimping /Kudoda). Ibi ntibibabaza gusa ubwiza bwibicuruzwa; irashobora gutuma abakiriya bibaza igihe kirekire - igihe cyo kwizerwa kwinteko yose.
umuringa usobekeranye umurongo ukanda
Iyi ngingo ikuyobora mubuhanga bwawe bwo gusobanukirwa intandaro yumuringa uhindagurika nyuma yo gukanda. Icy'ingenzi cyane, tuzagaragaza igisubizo cyemejwe, cyumwuga: guhuza byingenzi bya tungsten electrode namazi ahoraho - sisitemu yo gukonjesha. Hanyuma, turatanga umurongo ngenderwaho wabaguzi kugirango tugufashe kumenya ibishushanyo byingenzi mumashini ikonjesha umuringa uhagarika amabara ku isoko, ukemeza ko umurongo wawe wo gukora uhora utanga umusaruro mwiza, mwiza, kandi muremure -.
Kuki Umuringa Uhindura Ibara Nyuma Yashyushye - Kanda Welding?
Kugira ngo ukemure ikibazo, ugomba kubanza kumva inkomoko yacyo. Guhindura ibara kugaragara mumuringa nyuma yo gusudira ntabwo biterwa nimpamvu imwe, ahubwo ni ibisubizo byahujwe nimpinduka zumubiri nubumara mubushyuhe bwinshi.
Impamvu Imizi: Hejuru - Oxidation yubushyuhe
Urebye imiti, "nyirabayazana" inyuma y'amabara ni hejuru - okiside yubushyuhe. Umuringa ni icyuma gisa neza. Ku bushyuhe bwicyumba, firime yoroheje cyane, ibonerana ya okiside ikora buhoro buhoro hejuru yayo, irinda imbere kutangirika. Nyamara, mugihe gishyushye - gukanda, ubushyuhe burashobora guhita buzamuka kugera kuri dogere selisiyusi ibihumbi. Muri ibi bihe bikabije, umuringa urakara cyane hamwe na ogisijeni mu kirere, bigahita bikora urwego rugaragara rwa oxyde.
Ubusanzwe iyi oxyde ni uruvange rwa oxide oxyde (Cu₂O, itukura yijimye) na oxyde y'umuringa (CuO, umukara). Ubushyuhe buringaniye muri zone yo gusudira kandi nigihe kinini gihura nubushyuhe, niko reaction ya okiside iba myinshi. Ibara ryimbitse kuva umutuku wijimye kugeza mwijimye wijimye, amaherezo uhinduka umukara. Ninimpamvu itaziguye ya "ibara" ubona.
Imiterere yubushyuhe - Zone yibasiwe (HAZ) ningaruka za Annealing
Hanze y'ahantu ho gusudira ako kanya, ubushyuhe burasa hanze nk'imivurungano mu cyuzi, bigatuma ahantu h'inzibacyuho hazwi nka Heat - Zone yibasiwe (HAZ). Nubwo umuringa muri kano karere udashonga, uhura nubushyuhe bwihuse no gukonjesha - inzira izwi muri metallurgie nka "annealing."
Annealing ihindura imiterere ya microscopique kristaliste yumuringa, bigatuma ibinyampeke byangirika hamwe nimpungenge zimbere zirekurwa. Ihinduka ryimiterere kandi rigira ingaruka kumiterere ya optique, biganisha ku gutakaza urumuri no gutuma ibara rigaragara neza kuruta umuringa wambere. Kubwibyo, nubwo nta okiside ikabije, HAZ yagutse irashobora gutuma agace kose kegeranye gasa nkudashimishije.
Imipaka ya Electrode gakondo
Imashini nyinshi zo gusudira zo gusudira zikoresha umuringa - zishingiye kuri electrode ya elegitoronike, nka Chrome Zirconium Umuringa (CrZrCu). Mugihe izo electrode zifite ubushobozi bwiza nigiciro gito, zifite inenge zisanzwe mugihe cyo gusudira umuringa. Ingingo yabo yo gushonga (hafi . 1083 dogere) yegereye cyane umuringa ubwawo. Mugihe cyinshi - ingaruka zubushyuhe, electrode ntabwo ihindura gusa kandi igashira vuba ariko irashobora no "gukomera" kumuringa ushongeshejwe.
Ikirenzeho, izo electrode zifite ubushobozi buke bwo kugenzura ubushyuhe neza. Ibi akenshi biganisha ku guhunga ubushyuhe cyangwa ibihe byo gushyuha bikabije muri zone weld, "byongerera ingufu mumuriro" kugirango okiside ikabije ndetse no kwaguka kwa HAZ, bigatuma amabara byanze bikunze.
Gukomatanya Ibikoresho Byambere hamwe no Kugenzura Ubushyuhe Bwuzuye
Kubera ko tuzi ikibazo gikomoka ku "bushyuhe bukabije" no "gushyushya igihe kirekire," igisubizo kigomba kuzenguruka ku magambo atatu y'ingenzi: Icyitonderwa, Umuvuduko, na Cooling. Igisubizo gikuze kandi cyizewe cyinganda nuguhuza ibikoresho bya electrode bigezweho hamwe na tekinoroji yo gukonjesha -.
Igisubizo Core 1: Impamvu ugomba gukoresha Tungsten Electrode
Guhitamo igikoresho cyiza ni kimwe cya kabiri cyintambara. Mubyerekeranye nubushyuhe bushyushye - gusudira kanda, electrode ya Tungsten yabaye ihitamo ridasubirwaho kubera imiterere yumubiri itagereranywa:
| Umutungo | Inyungu zo gusudira |
| Ultra - Ingingo yo gushonga | Tungsten ifite aho ishonga cyane mubyuma byose (dogere 3422). Iguma ituje munsi yubushyuhe bwo gusudira, ikarinda kwambara electrode no kwanduza. |
| Ubushyuhe buhebuje | Ihinduranya akayunguruzo mu tuntu duto two "gushyushya - byihuse" gushyushya, kurangiza gusudira muri milisegonda mbere yuko okiside igaragara. |
| Kugabanuka Kwizirika | Tungsten ifitanye isano cyane n'umuringa, ituma irekura neza muri weld. Ibi bituma ubuso bunoze, busukuye nta "kwanduza kabiri." |
Igisubizo Cyibanze 2: Amazi akomeje - Gukonja - Urufunguzo rwo kugenzura neza
Niba tungsten electrode ikemura ikibazo "uburyo bwo gushyushya byihuse", noneho Amazi akomeje {{0} System Sisitemu yo gukonjesha isubiza neza "uburyo bwo gukonja vuba."
- Gukuraho Ubushyuhe Bwihuse: Hejuru - imashini zogosha zikora neza zihuza amazi - imiyoboro ikonjesha mu mutwe wa electrode cyangwa uyifata. Mugihe cyo gukonjesha icyiciro cyo gusudira, amazi azenguruka akora nka "pompe yubushyuhe" ikomeye, ahita akuramo ubushyuhe bwinshi busigaye kuri electrode hamwe.
- Kugabanya HAZ: Uku guhata, ultra - gukonjesha byihuse nikintu gikomeye muguhagarika ubushyuhe bwo kuva amaraso mubindi bisigaye byumuringa. Ikomeza HAZ byibuze byibuze, akenshi igarukira kuri weld nugget ubwayo. Igisubizo nicyiza, gikomeye gisudira kizengurutswe n'umuringa ugumana ibara ryumwimerere kandi byoroshye.
- Kuramba no kuramba: Kubyara umusaruro mwinshi, amazi ahoraho - gukonjesha bituma electrode itangira buri weld ku bushyuhe bwibanze. Ibi byemeza ko buri gusudira byakira neza ingufu zinjiza, byemeza ubuziranenge. Iratinda kandi cyane kwambara kumubiri wa tungsten electrode, ikongerera igihe cyo kubaho no kugabanya ibiciro -.
Uburyo bwo Guhitamo Imashini Irinda Ibara
Mugihe witeguye kugura ibikoresho, koresha ingingo zikurikira nkibipimo fatizo byawe byo gusuzuma no gufata ibyemezo - gufata.
Ibikoresho byingenzi byingenzi
- Sisitemu ya Electrode:Emeza neza nuwabitanze niba imashini ije isanzwe hamwe (cyangwa irashobora kuba ifite) tungsten nziza cyangwa hejuru - ubucucike bwa tungsten alloy electrode. Nibintu byambere byinjira murwego rwo hejuru - gusudira ubuziranenge; ubwumvikane ubwo aribwo bwose bugomba kurebwa ubwitonzi.
- Sisitemu yo gukonjesha:Reba neza niba imashini ihuza - imikorere yo hejuru - amazi yo mu bwoko bwa - sisitemu yo gukonjesha. Ntukemure gusa "kugira" - baza kubijyanye no gukonjesha, kugenzura neza neza, hamwe nubushobozi bwo gukurikirana ubushyuhe. Iriba - sisitemu yo gukonjesha ni ubwishingizi bwawe bwo "gusiga amabara - kubuntu" gusudira.
- Umugenzuzi w'amashanyarazi:Imashini yo hejuru - urwego rwo hejuru rugomba kugira amashanyarazi meza yo gusudira. Menya neza ko ishyigikiye kugenzura neza impiswi, ikwemerera gukora progaramu yo gusudira (kumanuka kugeza kuri milisegonda) hamwe ninzego zubu hamwe na granularite nziza. Uru rwego rwo kugenzura nirwo rufatiro rw "ako kanya gusudira, kwihuta gukonje".
Ubushobozi bwo Gutunganya
- Saba Icyitegererezo kizima:"Kubona ni ukwemera." Mbere yo gufata umwanzuro wanyuma, zana icyitegererezo cyawe cyumuringa hanyuma ushimangire ko utanga isoko akora ikizamini cyo gusudira kizima.
- Kugenzura ubuziranenge bwa Weld:Suzuma neza ingero. Koresha ibi bibazo nkibipimo byo kwemererwa: Haba hari amabara kuri weld cyangwa hafi yayo? Ese weld nugget irakomeye, yoroshye, kandi idafite imyenge? Uruzitiro ruzengurutse rukomeza guhinduka kandi rugumana ibara ryumwimerere ryumuringa?
- Menyesha ibipimo ngenderwaho:Ihuze cyane nabashinzwe tekinike yabatanga. Baza ibipimo byabo byasabwe kubunini bwawe bwihariye (umusaraba - igice, ubugari). Utanga ubunararibonye agomba gutanga amakuru akuze, yizewe yububiko bwibikorwa, byerekana ubuhanga bwikoranabuhanga ryabo.
Impuguke zinzobere muri HAIFEI
- Incamake:Kurutonde rwamasoko yawe, kora "kugera ibara - weld yubusa" icyifuzo cya tekiniki cyibanze, ntabwo ari "cyiza - kugeza - gifite".
- Icyifuzo:Irinde "igiciro - gusa" umutego. Fata "tungsten electrode" na "ushyizwe hejuru - amazi meza - gukonjesha" nkibisabwa - ibisabwa byumvikanyweho. Ishoramari ryambere mubikoresho byiza bizatanga umusaruro inshuro nyinshi mubiranga ibicuruzwa, gukora neza, no guhaza abakiriya.
- Birebire - Igihe Reba:Guhitamo imashini ihora itanga ubuziranenge - ubuziranenge, ibara - gusudira neza bivuze ko utanga ibicuruzwa byiza kandi byizewe kubakiriya bawe. Ibi byubaka isoko no kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa mugihe bigabanya cyane ibiciro bijyanye no gukora, kurega, nubucuruzi bwatakaye. Ni, nta gushidikanya, ubwenge, igiciro - ishoramari ryiza.
