Mu nganda zigezweho,imashini yo gusudiras bigira uruhare rukomeye mumirenge nk'imodoka, umusaruro wibikoresho, hamwe nindege, bitewe nubushobozi bwabo, ituze, nigiciro gito. Nyamara, uburyo bwo gusudira butanga ubushyuhe bwinshi, cyane cyane mubice byingenzi nka electrode, transformateur, na Silicon Controlled Rectifier.
Niba ubu bushyuhe budakwirakwijwe neza kandi vuba, birashobora gutuma ibikoresho bishyuha cyane, ubwiza bwa weld butajegajega, ndetse bikangirika burundu. Niyo mpamvu, uburyo bukonje kandi bwizewe bwo gukonjesha, cyane cyane imashini iherekeza inganda, ni "umurongo w'ubuzima" utuma imikorere ihamye yo gusudira.
Iyi ngingo itanga umurongo urambuye kubijyanye no gukoresha neza sisitemu yo gukonjesha gusudira, itanga amakuru yemewe ninama zifatika zagufasha kugera kubikorwa byo gusudira bihamye kandi neza.
I. Imikorere yibanze no gutoranya ubumenyi
Igikorwa cyibanze cya sisitemu yo gukonjesha gusudira ni ugukuraho umutwaro wubushyuhe butangwa mugihe cyo gusudira no kubungabunga ibice byingenzi murwego rwubushyuhe bukora neza. Gukonjesha bidahagije birashobora gutuma umuvuduko wa electrode wihuta, gusaza kwa transformateur gusaza, hamwe no kunanirwa kwa SCR.
1. Ibyingenzi byingenzi bigize sisitemu yo gukonjesha
Sisitemu yo gukonjesha yuzuye yo gukonjesha isanzwe ikubiyemo:
- Inganda zikora inganda: Intangiriro ya sisitemu, itanga ubushyuhe buke - buzenguruka amazi akonje.
- Pompe y'amazi: Itanga imbaraga zo kuzenguruka kugirango habeho umuvuduko ukabije hamwe nigitutu.
- Imiyoboro n'ibihuza: Ihuza chiller na welder, itwara uburyo bwo gukonjesha.
- Akayunguruzo: Shungura umwanda uva mumazi, urinda imiyoboro hamwe namazi yimbere yo gusudira.
- Sisitemu yo gukurikirana no kugenzura ubuziranenge bw’amazi: Nukuri - kugenzura igihe ubushyuhe bwamazi, umuvuduko, nubwiza.
2. Ibice bitatu byingenzi byo gutoranya ubumenyi
Kugirango ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha buhuye neza nubushyuhe bwo gusudira, ibipimo bitatu byingenzi bigomba gutekerezwa mugihe cyo gutoranya, nibyingenzi kugirango byemeze igihe kirekire - ibikoresho bihamye:
| Parameter | Icyifuzo gisabwa (Reba GB 15578-2008) | Imikorere y'ingenzi |
| Ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha | Ugomba kuba inshuro 1,2 yubushyuhe nyabwo bwo gusudira (20% margin) | Kugena uburyo bwo gukonjesha kandi bikabuza gukonjesha igihe kirekire - kurenza urugero. |
| Igipimo cy'Uruzi | Abasudira b'ahantu hasanzwe: litiro 5-10 / min (L / min) Abasudira bo hagati: 10-15 litiro / min (L / min) | Kugenzura niba ubushyuhe bukurwaho vuba; gutembera bidahagije nimpamvu yambere itera ubushyuhe bwa electrode. |
| Umuvuduko | Umuvuduko winjira ugomba gukomeza hagati ya 0.15 MPa na 0.3 MPa | Iremeza umuvuduko w'amazi meza no kuzenguruka. Umuvuduko muke utera umuvuduko udahagije; umuvuduko mwinshi urashobora kwangiza kashe. |
Ibyatanzwe byemewe: Ukurikije ubunararibonye bwinganda, ubusanzwe busanzwe bwo guhinduranya (AC) busaba gusudira bisaba umuvuduko ukabije wamazi akonje ya litiro zigera kuri 4-8 kuri Minute (GPM), bivuze nka litiro 15-30 / min, bitewe nimbaraga zabasudira ninshingano zabo.
II. Kwinjiza neza no gucunga neza amazi: Kwitondera amakuru arambuye
Kwishyiriraho no gucunga neza amazi nibintu byingenzi bigena imikorere miremire ya - ya sisitemu yo gukonjesha.
1. Gushyira imiyoboro yabigize umwuga no kuyishyiraho
- Ihame ryo kuvoma:Imirongo ikonjesha igomba gukurikiza ihame rya "rigufi, rigororotse, na ntoya yunamye" kugirango igabanye umuvuduko ukabije kandi urebe ko umuvuduko ukenewe wujujwe.
- Guhitamo Ibikoresho:Ruswa - irwanya imbaraga nigitutu - amapine yagenwe cyangwa imiyoboro ikomeye. Menya neza ko amasano yose afunzwe neza kugirango wirinde kumeneka.
- Gucuruza no Kuvoma:Shyiramo umuyaga wa enterineti ahantu hirengeye h'umuyoboro hamwe na valve itwara amazi yo hasi kugirango byorohereze ikirere mugihe cyo gutangira no gutemba byuzuye mugihe kirekire - igihe cyo guhagarika.
- Gushungura:Shyiramo akayunguruzo gasobanutse hagati ya chiller na welder. Buri gihe ugenzure kandi usimbuze akayunguruzo kugirango wirinde ko amazi yimbere adafungwa nuduce.
2. Amahame akomeye yo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw’amazi
Ubwiza bwamazi nikintu gikomeye cyane muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha. Gukoresha amazi asanzwe birashobora gutuma habaho kwiyongera, gukura kwa algae, no kwangirika, bikabangamira cyane uburyo bwo guhanahana ubushyuhe hamwe nigihe cyo gukoresha ibikoresho.
| Igipimo cy’amazi meza | Basabwe | Ingaruka n'ingaruka |
| Hagati | Amazi yoroshye cyangwa Deionised (Amazi meza yinganda) | Irinda kwuzura kwinshi kurukuta rwimbere rwumuriro wa electrode na transformateur, kuko igipimo kigabanya cyane ubushyuhe bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe. |
| pH Agaciro | 6.5 kugeza 8.0 (Alkaline nkeya) | PH nkeya (acide) itera ruswa; pH nyinshi (alkaline ikomeye) irashobora guteza imbere imiterere. |
| Imyitwarire | Basabwe kuba munsi ya 100 μS / cm | Umuyoboro mwinshi wongera ibyago byo kumeneka kwamashanyarazi, cyane cyane hagati cyangwa hagati - gusudira inshuro, bigira ingaruka kumikorere. |
| Ubushyuhe bw'amazi | Ubushyuhe bwinjira ntibugomba kurenza dogere 30 | Komeza ubushyuhe bwamazi hagati ya dogere 5 na dogere 30; ubushyuhe bwiza bwo gukora busanzwe bushyirwa hagati ya dogere 20 na dogere 25. |
Icyifuzo: Gerageza amazi akonje pH agaciro nubushobozi byibuze buri kwezi. Ongeramo urugero rukwiye rwa ruswa hamwe nubunini bwibipimo bikenewe, kandi birasabwa gusimbuza rwose amazi akonje buri mezi 3-6.
III. Uburyo bukoreshwa mubikorwa (SOP) no gukurikirana
Gukurikiza uburyo bukwiye bwo gukora byerekana uburyo bwo gukonjesha neza kandi bikongerera ubuzima ubuzima.
1. Gutangira no guhagarika Urutonde
Gukurikiza byimazeyo urutonde rukwiye ningirakamaro mukurinda ibikoresho:
| Igikorwa | Urukurikirane | Intego |
| Gutangira | Chiller Yambere → Pompe → Gusudira | Menya neza ko amazi akonje azenguruka neza kandi ageze ku bushyuhe bwagenwe mbere yuko gusudira gutangira gukora. |
| Hagarika | Welder Yambere → Compressor → Pompe | Nyuma yo gusudira guhagarara, pompe igomba gukomeza gukora mugihe runaka (hafi . 10 - iminota 15) kugirango ikureho ubushyuhe busigaye kandi irinde ubushyuhe bwaho. |
2. Gukurikirana buri munsi ibipimo byingenzi
Abakoresha bagomba gukurikirana ibipimo bikurikira mugihe nyacyo - bakoresheje chiller yerekana cyangwa ibipimo byo hanze:
- Ubushyuhe: Menya neza ko amazi y’amazi asohoka atarenza dogere 30, kandi itandukaniro ryubushyuhe (inlet na outlet) riguma muri dogere 5.
- Igipimo cyo gutemba: Gusoma metero yo gutemba bigomba guhora murwego rwabashinzwe gukora.
- Umuvuduko: Gusoma ibipimo byerekana bigomba kuba bihamye hagati ya 0.15 na 0.3 MPa.
Icyitonderwa: Niba ikintu cyose kirenze imipaka yumutekano, hita uhagarika gusudira hanyuma ugenzure sisitemu yo gukonjesha.
IV. Kubungabunga Kwirinda no gucunga ibihe
Gufata ingamba zo gukumira birinda neza kunanirwa gutunguranye kandi bigabanya ibiciro byo hasi.
1. Kugenzura Urutonde
| Ukuzenguruka | Ikintu cyo Kubungabunga | Intego n'imikorere |
| Buri munsi | Reba urwego rwamazi yikigega, imiyoboro yamenetse, hamwe nugusoma ibipimo. | Menya neza ko sisitemu ikora mubisanzwe kandi igahita imenya ibimeneka. |
| Buri kwezi | Sukura akayunguruzo ko mu kirere, genzura ubwiza bw’amazi (pH / Conductivity), hanyuma uhindure ibipimo bya termometero. | Iremeza ubukonje bwa chiller kandi ikagenzura ubwiza bwamazi. |
| Igihembwe | Sukura kondenseri (umwuka {{0} models moderi ikonje), reba urusaku rwa compressor nurwego rwamavuta. | Kunoza uburyo bwo guhanahana ubushyuhe no kwagura compressor igihe cyo kubaho. |
| Semi - Buri mwaka | Sukura neza ibyuka bihumeka n'ikigega, usimbuze amazi akonje, kandi ugenzure imiyoboro yose y'amashanyarazi. | Kurandura igipimo n’ibinyabuzima byangiza, bikingira umutekano w'amashanyarazi. |
2. Ingamba zo Kurinda Ubukonje
Mu turere aho ubushyuhe bw’ibidukikije bugabanuka munsi ya dogere 5 (dogere 41 F), ingamba zo kurinda ubukonje ni itegeko:
- Ongeramo Antifreeze: Ongeramo inganda - urwego rwa Ethylene Glycol (Glycol) antifreeze mumazi akonje. Ibitekerezo bigomba guhinduka hashingiwe ku bushyuhe buke bwaho, ariko muri rusange ntibigomba kurenga 30%.
- Kuvoma byuzuye: Niba ibikoresho byafunzwe mugihe kinini, amazi yose agomba kuvanwa burundu muri chiller, pompe, hamwe nizunguruka ryimbere, kandi imirongo igomba guhuha yumishijwe numwuka uhumeka.
- Gukingira: Shiramo imiyoboro yose yo hanze.
V. Gukemura ibibazo hamwe nibisubizo
Gusobanukirwa kunanirwa bisanzwe nibisubizo byabo bifasha abashoramari kugarura vuba umusaruro.
| Ikimenyetso cyo kunanirwa | Impamvu zishoboka | Igisubizo |
| Ubushyuhe bw'amazi bukomeje kwiyongera |
1. Condenser yandujwe cyane n ivumbi (umwuka {{1} models moderi ikonje). 2. Amazi akonje adahagije. 3. Ubushobozi bwa Chiller butagabanijwe (guhitamo nabi). |
1. Sukura neza amababa ya kondenseri. 2. Reba igitutu cya pompe, kuyungurura neza cyangwa guhagarika imiyoboro. 3. Kugabanya imisoro yo gusudira cyangwa gusimbuza chiller yubushobozi bunini. |
| Kumenyesha gutemba / Umuvuduko muke |
1. Kunanirwa kuvoma cyangwa guhinduranya. 2. Akayunguruzo kafunze. 3. Gupima cyane cyangwa kuzibira mumazi yo gusudira imbere. |
1. Reba insinga za pompe nuburyo zikora. 2. Sukura cyangwa usimbuze ikintu cyo kuyungurura. 3. Koresha ibikoresho byabugenewe byogusukura kugirango umanure amazi yumudozi. |
| Amazi ni Igicu cyangwa Impumuro |
1. Gukura kwa algae cyangwa mikorobe. 2. Kuvoma ruswa cyangwa umwanda ukabije. |
1. Simbuza amazi akonje hanyuma wongereho biocide. 2. Reba agaciro ka pH, ongeramo inhibitor ya ruswa, kandi usukure neza ikigega. |
| Compressor Cycle Kenshi |
1. Gutandukanya ubushyuhe butandukanye ni buto cyane. 2. Gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe buke cyangwa gutemba kwa firigo. |
1. Ongera ubushyuhe butandukanye (urugero, dogere 3 - dogere 5). 2. Kugenzura kondereseri; hamagara umunyamwuga kugirango urebe amafaranga ya firigo. |
Umwanzuro
Gukoresha neza no gufata neza sisitemu yo gukonjesha gusudira byerekana ishoramari rifatika muguhuza ubuziranenge bwa weld, kuzamura umusaruro, no kongera igihe cyo gukoresha ibikoresho. Ukoresheje guhitamo siyanse, kwishyiriraho neza, gucunga neza amazi meza, no gufata neza ingamba zo gukumira, urashobora gukora cyane imikorere yumudozi wawe wo kurwanya, ukagera kumusaruro uhamye, ukora neza, kandi wizewe. Guhitamo no gushyira mubikorwa ingamba zo gukonjesha ukurikije imikorere yawe yihariye bizaba urufunguzo rwo gukomeza guhatanira amasoko mu nganda.
